Illuminating device



C. A. B. HALVURSON, ln.

HLUNHNAUNG DEWCE. ArPLxcAwn mno MM man@ Patented Nov. 2S, 1922.

2 SIZETS SHUT l.

Evento?" ILLUMINATING DEVCE. APPL'ncATmN man MAY 1, um;A

Patented Nm'. 2:4, 1922.

ZSHES SMLLI ,Inventor Ww. www@ 7%.@ sie LMA/d,

mental Nev. 2s, i922.

1,436,655 PATENT OFFICE.

UNITED STATES CROMWELL A. B. HALVOBSON, JR., 0F SAUGUS, MASSACHUSETTS,ASSIGNOR 0F ONE HALF '1.0` CHILDE HAROLD WILLIS, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

ILLUMINATING DEVICE.

AppIicaton filed May To HU whom if mI/ r/ eomeru Be it known that l.yaoxlwijmii A. B. HAI.- voiisoN, Jr., a citizen ot' thelinited States.and a resident ot Saugus. in the county of ssex and State ofMassachusetts. have invented an Improvement in Illuminating Devices.oiwhich the following description. in eonnection with the accompantving`drawings, is a specification. like characters on the drawingsrepresenting like parts.

. This invention relates to an device and is herein shown as embodied ina headlight for vehicles and particularly motor vehicles and the like.

The invention has for its object to provide an illuminating deviee withwhich a maximum lighting efi'ect without glare for a maximum distance infront of the illiuninating derive. together with a diffusion or lifhtiug elli-ct laterally with relation to the il iuninatiug devicel mayhe obtained.

illuminating devices having these chan acteristics are especiallyserviceable as the headlights oi an automobile. inasmuch as the)1 serveto illuminate the roadway for the desired or required distance in frontof the headlight and also illuminate laterally the roadway and theterritory adjacent thereto` and accomplish these desirable ends withoutglarc and consequently without danger to the occupants of a vehicleapproaching from the o iposite dirertion, or to other users of the roarwav.

To this end the vided with illuminating device is proanelectric. lampoi' other source of light. a reflector cli-operating with said' lainpand preferably one which is capable oi' giving a beam oi' light havingrays in substantially1 parallel planes` which are suhstantialliYparallel with the axis of the refiector. and a member composed in wholeor in part of glass havingr prisniatic snrfaces. such as ribs` lenses.prisnisor like devices for re-direeting the rays of light preferably ina lateral direction, -eithei`4 the said lamp or reiieetor or memberbeing inovable to divert the beam of light projected through the glassand obtain without glare the distant lighting desired or required.

The inventiony further has for its object to provide a iinit composed ofa refiector, plass. and source of light which are connected togetherto'constitute one of them a support, for the others so as tobe capableof being handled as one piece and having one illuminating Serial N0.231,935.

of said elements movable to divert the beam of light projected throughsaid glass.

The invention also has for its object to provide a unit of the characterreferred to, which is capable. of being substituted in headlights now inuse for the glass thereof.

The invention further has for its object to provide for adjustment ofthe movable element of the unit from in front. of the latter.

These and other features of this invention will he pointed out in theclaims of this specification.

Fig. 1 is a vertieal Sectional vien` of one forni of headlightJembodying this invention. n Fig. 2, a like view with the reeetor ad-]i'isted to project-the beam of light downward.

Fig. 3. a front elevation of theheadlight shown in Fig. l.

Fig. 4. a horizontal section on'an enlarged; VScale of a portion oftheglass to illustrate one forni of re-directiiig devices.

` Fig. 5, a modified form of headlightemhodying the invention t'hereferred to.

Fig. ti. au enlarged detail of a portion of the headlight shownin Fig.5,y the section being taken on the limiti-T6, Fig. 5. and

Fig. T, a section on'the line 7-7. Fig. 6.

The ordinary headlight commonlv iised on automobiles comprises ametal.easing o en at its front end. a glass to normallv c ose the saine. arefiector and a lamp located in said casing. and in the present instancehave i in such aheadlight.. wherein 1. represents the metal casing and bthe retiectorrleeated therein.

For the ordinaryglass. I have in the present instance substitutedaunember c which is composed in w-hole'or in ,part of glass, and whichhas associated with it so as to form a unit. a reflector 1Q andaireleetrie lamp 13 of standard type.

In Figs. 1 and 2, the lamp 13 is represented as carried the iefleetor l2and may be ,djustably mounted thereon so as to properlyy positionit'witli relation to the axis of the reflector represented'by the line15', 'and the reiieetor is attached to the niemherc so as to he movablewith relation thereto,

l.n.l*`igs. 1 and 2. the retieetor 12 is shown as pivoted at its'topportion as at. i6 to a` hearing member 11".' preferabl7 of metal.

illustrated the invention as embodied i at the end e in the lpgrmit thelower manner rep 35 relation of' the reflector 4U tionable in the 45from the glass and thereby 50 glare are brought 5,5 tance in front owhich sieoured in ilxed relation to the glass c, and in lthe presentinstance the hearing member 17 is secured by a nut 18 engaging a bolt 19which is extended through a hole asa, suitable washers 2l bein finterposed 'etween the glass and the caring member 17 and the head ofthe 'bolt 19.

Provision is: made for moving the reflector on its pivot, and in thepresent instance, the

10 reflector is Ashown as provided at its lower portion with lugs 22spaced a art and between which is located a nut 3 which enages athreaded bolt 24, which is extended rough a suitable hole in the lass e,suit- Li able washers 25 bein2g interpose between the i glass and thelugs 2 and head of the bolt 24. is made of suitable length to ion of thereflector to The bolt 24 moved away resentedn Fig. 2. and thus ind elinethe reflecmrwith relation to the glass so as to, incline the axis of therelleetor. 12 dowmvamdor a purpose to be described.

yThe!VA 22 are suitably constructed to 26 lstraddl t le bolt 24 andpermit-movement of the'rreeotor with relation to the glass.

"(lhe reflector 12 is of a shape suitable to give a beam of light havingrays in substantially parallel planes, which are substan- 30 tiallyparallel with the axis of the reflector,

such as the parabolic reflector.

As represented in llig` 1, the reflector 12 is shown with its axissubstantially at right angles to the plane of the glass c, and the tothe glass is substantially the same as in the ordinary or well-knownheadlight, which arrangement gives a maximum distant lightingaccompanied by a glare which is highly obje@ case of the headlights nowcommonly used on automobiles.

To avoid the glare referred to, the opn erator turns the holt or screw24 so as to move the lower portion of the reflector away inclinedownward the axis of the reflector, with the result that the beam oflight israused to strike the roadway nearer the headlight, and thosediverging rays of light which produced the down near the roadway and`uno a position substantially parallel with the latter. and further arebrought below the desired or required point or plane above the roadwa orground at a given disi, the vehicle,and in this manner the requirementsof the authorities y may be complied with so far as the antiglarelfeature is concerned.

i It is 'also highly desirable to provide for'V 60 a lateral diffusionoffthe rays of li ht so as to illuminate not onl N entire'width but alsothe gutters, ditches' and sidewalks, whereby the danger of accidentscommonly occurring at night may be avoided.

This result is accomplished by providing the roadway or its m the glassafter the thereof, the socket member 32 of the whose cross bar the glassc with suitable prismatic devices or surfaces, and in the presentinstance, the prismatic surfaces are shown as substantially verticallyarranged ribs, lenses or prisms 27, which re-direct the rays of lightand spread or diffuse the light, preferably in a lateral direction, fora substantial distance and over a substantial area, and this diffusedlight'also has the effect of killin or diminishing the glare from th'eheadlig t of an approaching vehicle eqn' ped with a headlight giving aglarinlg ligliii.

In lgs. 1 and 2, the adjustment of the beam of light in a vertical planeis effected by moving the reflector into a position at an angle to theglass, but it is not desired to limit the invention in this respect, asa simin the arrangement represented in Fi'g. 5,

the reflector 12 is shown as fastened at its top and bottom to'the glassby the screws 28 which extend and the through slots 29 in the glass, thelamp 13 is supported or carried by glass and is adjustable from in frontamp being pivotally mounted to turn in a vertical plane 1n the arms 33of a yoke-sha d frame,

34 is clamped to titi; glass b a bushing 35 and nut 36, suitable washersbeing interposed between the glass and the cross bar 34 and the nut 36.

The bushing 35 llas extended through it a thumb-screw having a nut 41engaged u therewith, by which the bushing 35 is Securedto th'eglass. Thescrew 40 is rovided at its inner end with a hole't rough which one armof a bent rod 42 isinserted, whose other arm is extended into anelongated slot 43 in the bottom or end wallvof ,the socket memberV 32. Y

The rod 42 is retained in place by a spring 44 interposed between awasher 45 and the inner end of the bushing. The bent rod 42 constitutesone form of crank on the thumbscrew 40, so that when the latter isturned in the bushing 35 from in front of the glass, the crank turns thesocket piece or member -32on its pivots 46 and tilts the lamp from ahorizontal into an inclined position in a vertical plane, with theresult that the great- Y er portion of the parallel rays of the beam oflight are inclined downward toward the roadway and the greater ortionofthe nor` mally divergent rays are owered intoa substantiallyhorizontal positlon substantially parallel with the roadway 4to removethe glare from the headlight in a similar manner to that above describedwith relation to Figs. 1 and 2. l

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 5, as well as that shown in 'Figs. 1and 2, it will herein shown is connecte of the ordinary heedli ht.

,which glass may `relied upon 4in hea ights.

incense be observed that the less, reflector and lem are connected togeter to constitute one of t em a sup ort for the others so as to ,form aunit w ich is `capable of being handied as one piece, and which can besubstituted for the glass of the ordinary headlight, for it is onlynecessary to remove from the casing a the reteinin ring 50 and the glassofthe ordineryhea ight substitute in the rin 50 for the Ordinar glassthe unit here in s own,` and replace e ringlon the casing.

It will be understood also t et the-electric lamp maybe of any suitableconstruction such :is now commonly used and have the usual provision forinitial focal adjustment with relation to the reflector.

While it may be preferred to rovide the unit above referred to with a gass having substantially Avertically arranged prisms or other devices toredirect the rays of light preferably in e `lateral direction to obtaineteral diffusionof light2 it is not desired to limit the invention' inthis res ect, as a glass without the seid prisms or evices ma?7 be usedin the unit and the advantages or the noglcre effect obtained.

. urtherniore the reflector 12 may be provided with a glass 60 havingthe re-directing devices 27 es indicated in Figs. 1 and 2, be used 4inAcon'unction with the glass c rovided with re- 'recting devices toampliiv the lateral diffusion, or the glass 60 in the refiector 12 maybe alone to obtain the lateral diiusion of light, in which case thegless c may be a lain lass like that nowcommonly usedl Inthe arrangemenshown in Fig. 5, the reflector 12 is shown as ce eble of being movedwith relation to the g ass c, which is permitted by the elongated slots29 throu h which the screws 28 are extended and making the reiiector 12movable as describen the beam of light may be adjusted to obtain the11o-glare eiect by moving the reflector 19, alone or the lomp 13alone'or by adjustiu both.

he clamp 13 formin part of the unit by the usual wires 62 with e plugswitch 63, which is capable oi being inserted in the usuel socket piece64 now commonly attached to the casing a In the units herein 's own thelamp or reflector or both are shown as movable with relation to theglass c but it is not desired to limit the invention in this respect. l

In the present instance I have illustrated one forni of re-directingdevices -for o btaiiiing the lateral diiusion, to witzribs or prisms,which extend diameter ofthe glass, but it is not desired to limit theinvention to the particular form or leneth of the devices herein shown.

ii the forni of headlight herein shown` it `on the liglit-trmismittinmember substantially the full g1 will be observed that its casing isopen at one end end is closed by e unit comprising a member composed inwhole oi' iii part o rf glass, n reflector und ny source of lightconnected to ether and one o'E which elements is adjusta le or movableso es to divert the beam of light projected through the glass endthereby eliminate the glare of the light employed 'for distant lighting.

l have herein shown the unit comprising the glass, reflector and lampconnected together, end one of which is movable with relation to anotheror` to a supporting member, as forming piii't of a headlight, but it isnot desired to limit the invention iii this res ect.

leims. 1. A light-transmitting be attached to a headli closure member,com rising a reiiector, u light source, and c lig t-tiansmitting member,and means for moving one of said eiements with reletionto another ofseidelements :for deiecting the projected rays downwardly to obviate glare.

2. A. lighttransmitting device comprising s supporting member` areiiector, a light source, and a light-transmitting member, saidreflector boing carried by the light transmitting member to 4form e unitcapable of being used' as a closure member for the casing of en ordinaryheadlight, and means to deiect device adapted to lht and foi-:ning aprojected rays downwer -3. A light-transmitting device capable of formine closure member Jfor the ordinary lieadlig it, comprising a reflector,e light source, and e ligl1t-trensmitting member, said last-mentionedmember forming a support for the reflector and light source, and meansco-operating with said support to cause the deiiection of the projectedbeam when desired.

4. A light-transmitting device adapted to be attached to a headlight andforming a closure member, comprising e reflector, a light source, :ilight-transmitting member, and means 'for delecting the projected beamoi light :ind for moving it into different positions in the same planeto obviate glare.

5. A light-transmitting device-adapted to be attached to a headlight,comprising e closure-member capable of transmitting light, a reiiectorcarried by seid closure member and movable with relation thereto, und.means extended throigh said closure member for moving seid re ector fortilting a beam of light projected through seid closure mei ber withrelation to en axis through the center of the latter to obviate are.

6. A light-transmitting device adapted to be attached to c headlightcomprising e closure member capable oitransmittin light, and e lightprojecting device carried hun'4.

sure member `totilt' e beam of liglitr'pro-` ected -through the 'letterto obviebeglare.

8. -A l-i tftrensmittinrelevice adapted to be substi ute'dfforthe g essYof on ordinary Aheadlight to form e closure member for the letten.. andcomprising' a,v reflector e;y light :soul-ce, u; 1i ht 4transmittingmem'ler end means f or e ecting echange in they relation of V-eeidreflector, light source vand light- `fln'mnsrnfittin member todeflect'the projected beiunof lt-to obviate glare.

9. A; lig @transmitting-device adopted to be nttoched'to e heed11g'ht,comprising e closure member. capable of transmitting light,light-projecti-n V:Ineens carriedr by seid closure member, a vicefrdeflectmg ,o

beeinof 'light projected 4through seili closure Ycl osu re memberbotto-wv 4 seidmeans* ere .atteched toibo moved=there l-1Wi1l71l1 es4o-unit Vwith reletion to seid-'heed- '-igt.

member -to obviote fglere; and means for securing sold device to seulvclosure member Vtomove therewith ase unit-und to be moved with relationtheretwtofeffect the'f deflection -o Beicl'beam of light.

` 1110; Alight-tmnsmittingdevice adept'ed'to beY-etteched to. eheadlight, oomprisin e :capable of "transmitting seid closure'I member"to 4as a vunit and meensto moveeaifd device with mleien thereto teeffect ldeneeeen 'of the beam of `light 'to obvio-te glare'.

11.y A Iig headlight toA fol-'m eclosnrey member. foret-helatte11,'oi1d-' comprising e. reflector, n'lght source, means foreffecting deflection ofthe obv'iute litre,v ancle light transmittingmemich enrolreflector, flight source-end L htVtrunem'tiring-'device-adapted l 'to Vbe substituted for the gloss ofen* ordinary In testimony'- wvl-11.31."60.55,'Y'4 I-'ilieve -eignedmy-nnme'to this specifcotion.

Vmomen;4 A: nffnfswonson; if. n f.

